40 research outputs found
Defense semantics of argumentation: encoding reasons for accepting arguments
In this paper we show how the defense relation among abstract arguments can
be used to encode the reasons for accepting arguments. After introducing a
novel notion of defenses and defense graphs, we propose a defense semantics
together with a new notion of defense equivalence of argument graphs, and
compare defense equivalence with standard equivalence and strong equivalence,
respectively. Then, based on defense semantics, we define two kinds of reasons
for accepting arguments, i.e., direct reasons and root reasons, and a notion of
root equivalence of argument graphs. Finally, we show how the notion of root
equivalence can be used in argumentation summarization.Comment: 14 pages, first submitted on April 30, 2017; 16 pages, revised in
terms of the comments from MIREL2017 on August 03, 201
The Jiminy Advisor: Moral Agreements Among Stakeholders Based on Norms and Argumentation
An autonomous system is constructed by a manufacturer, operates in a society
subject to norms and laws, and is interacting with end users. All of these
actors are stakeholders affected by the behavior of the autonomous system. We
address the challenge of how the ethical views of such stakeholders can be
integrated in the behavior of the autonomous system. We propose an ethical
recommendation component, which we call Jiminy, that uses techniques from
normative systems and formal argumentation to reach moral agreements among
stakeholders. Jiminy represents the ethical views of each stakeholder by using
normative systems, and has three ways of resolving moral dilemmas involving the
opinions of the stakeholders. First, Jiminy considers how the arguments of the
stakeholders relate to one another, which may already resolve the dilemma.
Secondly, Jiminy combines the normative systems of the stakeholders such that
the combined expertise of the stakeholders may resolve the dilemma. Thirdly,
and only if these two other methods have failed, Jiminy uses context-sensitive
rules to decide which of the stakeholders take preference. At the abstract
level, these three methods are characterized by the addition of arguments, the
addition of attacks among arguments, and the removal of attacks among
arguments. We show how Jiminy can be used not only for ethical reasoning and
collaborative decision making, but also for providing explanations about
ethical behavior
What Do You Care About: Inferring Values from Emotions
Observers can glean information from others' emotional expressions through
the act of drawing inferences from another individual's emotional expressions.
It is important for socially aware artificial systems to be capable of doing
that as it can facilitate social interaction among agents, and is particularly
important in human-robot interaction for supporting a more personalized
treatment of users. In this short paper, we propose a methodology for
developing a formal model that allows agents to infer another agent's values
from her emotion expressions
Representation Equivalences among Argumentation Frameworks
In Dung’s abstract argumentation theory, an extension can be represented by subsets of it in the sense that from each of these subsets, the extension can be obtained again by iteratively applying the characteristic function. Such so-called regular representations can be used to differentiate argumentation frameworks having the same extensions. In this paper we provide a full characterization of relations between seven different types of representation equivalence
Building Jiminy Cricket: An Architecture for Moral Agreements Among Stakeholders
An autonomous system is constructed by a manufacturer, operates in a society subject to norms and laws, and is interacting with end-users. We address the challenge of how the moral values and views of all stakeholders can be integrated and reflected in the moral behaviour of the autonomous system. We propose an artificial moral agent architecture that uses techniques from normative systems and formal argumentation to reach moral agreements among stakeholders. We show how our architecture can be used not only for ethical practical reasoning and collaborative decision-making, but also for the explanation of such moral behavior
Probabilistic Abstract Argumentation Based on SCC Decomposability
In this paper we introduce a new set of general principles for probabilistic abstract argumentation. The main principle is a probabilistic analogue of SCC decomposability, which ensures that the probabilistic evaluation of an argumentation framework complies with the probabilistic (in)dependencies implied by the graph topology. We introduce various examples of probabilistic semantics and determine which principles they satisfy. Our work also provides new insights into the relationship between abstract argumentation and the theory of Bayesian networks